Publications

Changing the surface albedo is a proposed solar geoengineering method that aims to reflect more sunlight back into space by increasing the Earth’s albedo—the reflectivity of the Earth’s surface.

Stratospheric aerosol injection is a proposed solar geoengineering method in which large quantities of tiny reflective particles are released into the stratosphere to cool the Earth by reflecting sunlight back into space.

Ocean fertilization is a proposed method for CO2 removal in which large quantities of micro- or macronutrients are introduced into marine areas with low biological productivity to stimulate the growth of phytoplankton.

Artificial upwelling aims to artificially pump cooler, nutrient-rich water from the depths of the oceans to the surface in order to stimulate phytoplankton activity and reduce CO2.

Direct Air Capture (DAC) schemes aim to extract carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases from the atmosphere by chemical and mechanical means, generally using a chemical sorbent and large fans to move air through a filter.

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a technology proposed for the removal of carbon dioxide, which aims to capture CO2 emitted from processes such as the combustion of fossil fuels and store it underground.

The MFF proposal sidelines climate and the environment. This paper assesses the spending target, the Do No Significant Harm principle, and climate and environmental provisions in the proposal’s two largest programmes.

The Water Atlas presents the complexity and urgency of global water issues in a visually compelling, accessible format - from the unequal distribution of water and industrial pollution to climate-linked water insecurity and geopolitical tensions.

Latin America and the Caribbean stand at a crossroads of escalating debt, intensifying climate shocks, and stalled progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals. A new policy brief analyses the region's debt dynamics.

The global expansion of electromobility is intensifying competition for critical raw materials. A new analysis connects European supply chains to specific mining sites for the first time, identifying key environmental and social risks.

Across Africa, climate shocks and debt distress fuel each other in a vicious cycle. With external debt more than tripling since 2008, rising costs and plunging currencies are squeezing public finances - leaving little room for vital climate resilience investments. 

Since its colonization, the Amazon region has served as a projection surface for foreign ideas and desires. With the Brazilian Amazon Atlas, we want to deconstruct common stereotypes about the region - and show it from the perspective of its diverse inhabitants.

This report reviews climate security literature, identifies key players, and analyzes case studies. It highlights actors' needs in different contexts and offers recommendations for global, regional, and local engagement, with a focus on the global South.

The briefing shows how the scenarios of the IPCC’s 6th Assessment Report (AR6) perpetuate existing inequalities into the future. It explores alternative perspectives that prioritize equitable futures, climate justice, and well-being for all in IPCC AR7.

This report strives to shed light on the various biophysical as well as sociocultural long-term impacts of mining, which can mean massive long-term monetary costs for states and further generations.