Cover factsheet microbubbles and sea foam

Microbubbles and Sea Foam

Published: 21 April 2026
Factsheet
Microbubbles proposals suggest that by injecting millions of tiny air bubbles into the ocean or spraying sea foam onto surface waters, the albedo of large areas of ocean could be increased, thereby reflecting more sunlight back into space.
Cover Factsheet Ocean Fertilisation

Ocean Fertilization

Published: 21 April 2026
Factsheet
Ocean fertilization is a proposed method for CO2 removal in which large quantities of micro- or macronutrients are introduced into marine areas with low biological productivity to stimulate the growth of phytoplankton.
Cover Factsheet Artificial Upwelling

Artificial Upwelling

Published: 21 April 2026
Factsheet
Artificial upwelling aims to artificially pump cooler, nutrient-rich water from the depths of the oceans to the surface in order to stimulate phytoplankton activity and reduce CO2.
Cover Factsheet Direct Air Capture

Direct Air Capture

Published: 21 April 2026
Factsheet
Direct Air Capture (DAC) schemes aim to extract carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases from the atmosphere by chemical and mechanical means, generally using a chemical sorbent and large fans to move air through a filter.
Cover Factsheet CCUS

CCUS: Carbon Capture Use and Storage

Published: 21 April 2026
Factsheet
Carbon Capture Use and Storage (CCUS) aims to put carbon dioxide captured from industries such as cement production to an alternative use, such as a feedstock for manufacturing products, where the carbon is then stored.     
Cover Factsheet CCS

CCS: Carbon Capture and Storage

Published: 21 April 2026
Factsheet
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a technology proposed for the removal of carbon dioxide, which aims to capture CO2 emitted from processes such as the combustion of fossil fuels and store it underground.
Cover Factsheet Biochar

Biochar

Published: 21 April 2026
Factsheet
Biochar is produced through pyrolysis, a process where biomass combustion occurs in a low oxygen environment at very high temperatures. It results in a solid carbon-rich charcoal-like substance, which can be mixed into soil where it is theoretically stored.
Cover Factsheet cirrus cloud thinning

Cirrus Cloud Thinning

Published: 21 April 2026
Factsheet
By thinning cirrus clouds (wispy, elongated high-altitude clouds), some researchers have proposed that more heat could be allowed to escape into space, thereby cooling the climate.
Cover of the publication: Gen Z Against the State: Democracy in Crisis in Madagascar. Youth Resistance Amid Institutional and Regional Failures

Gen Z Against the State: Democracy in Crisis in Madagascar

Published: 8 April 2026
Report
The 2025 Gen Z protests in Madagascar were catalysed by several key political events. Madagascar’s position as a Small Island Developing State, uniquely vulnerable to climate change and economic precarity, poses specific challenges, and the country’s government has failed to address these in a manner that protects the futures of its young people. The 2025 protests rallied against political corruption and government inadequacy, demanding a stronger and more just political system as well as greater accountability for systemic shortcomings. While President Rajoelina was ousted, more work is needed to ensure stronger foundations for the nation’s development and future.
Cover of publication: From Screens to Streets: Decoding Bangladesh’s Gen Z July Uprising

From Screens to Streets: Decoding Bangladesh’s Gen Z July Uprising

Published: 7 April 2026
Report
The 2024 July Uprising in Bangladesh integrated the characteristics of Gen Z revolutions around the world while also building upon the nation’s unique history of protests and resistance. Over the course of several weeks in the summer of 2024, the July Uprising operationalised tools such as street art, music, and memes and combined digital networks with in-person protests. By early August, the movement ousted Sheikh Hasina’s authoritarian regime, but whether the vision of the protesters can be sustained remains to be seen.

© Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung e.V.
Schumannstraße 8
10117 Berlin
T +49 (30) 285 34-0
F +49 (30) 285 34-109
www.boell.de
info@boell.de